Virtual In-situ Calibration (VIC): A Decade of Research

Virtual In-situ Calibration (VIC) began as a field calibration technique for sensors in HVAC systems and has been actively studied over the past decade. Researchers have contributed to formalizing its concepts, improving accuracy, and demonstrating its applicability across various building systems. More recently, VIC has evolved into a key enabler of digital twin synchronization, aligning sensors, data, and virtual models within the digital twin framework. A comprehensive summary of existing research and future directions has been published in the journal listed below. Given its extensive theoretical and industrial exploration, VIC is expected to further establish itself as a fundamental enabling technology for implementing digital twins in the operational phase of buildings.

J. Koo, S. Yoon, Virtual in-situ calibration for digital twin-synchronized building operations, Energy and Buildings 340 (2025) 115760.